Window frame and sash construction



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Harry-E. Campbell BY :www EMMA/WM ATTORNEYS- April 12,- 1938. H. E. CAMPBELL WINDOW FRAME AND SASH CONSTRUCTION Filed March 29, 1955 April 12, 1938. H. E. CAMPBELL WINDOW FRAME AND SASH CONSTRUCTION Filed llarhl 29, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 um Rww mw m ma MR V0. m WEM ww aY HBM f Patented Apr. 12, 1938 s PATENT oFfFlcE WINDOW AND SASH CONSTRUCTION Harry E. Campbell, Baltimore, Md., assignor to Campbell Metal Window Corporation, a corporation of Maryland Appucaun March zo, 1935, sei-1am. 13,602

Claims.

'Ihis invention relates to a solid metal window of the type in which the inner jamb walls have a pair of slots and the upper and lower sashes each has a plate on its side rail which extends into the slots. According to this invention. I particularly aim to produce a .window of this f type that may be made and installed at a rela.- Vtively low cost. Accordingly, I show both novel methods of constructing the sashes and also novel means for hanging the sashes in a frame so that the necessity of window weights can be done away with.

In the present application, I claim only the novel construction of the sashes, as the means for hanging the sashes is being claimed in a divisional application.

This invention can best be understood from a detailed description of an illustrative example thereof, such as that shown inthe accompanying drawings. In these drawings, Fig.v 1 is a vertical section through a window frame and sash looking towards one of the jambs; Fig. 2 is a perspectiveshowing the way a corner of a sash is put together; Fig. 3 is a similar perspective showing the parts connected; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through a jamb; Fig. 5 is a section similar to Fig 1 but showing some of the parts on an enlarged scale; Fig. 6 is a detail on line 6-6 of Fig. 4 with the parting strip removed, and Fig. 7 ,is a detailed showing of a lift catch.

The sashes employed in this window are of the type in which a glass rabbet is provided in which the glass is to be located, with the intention that the glass shall be held in place by puttying on the outside of the sash. Each such sash is made up of four members which form the entire sash including the glass rabbet, side plates, meeting rail and top rail. At the lift rail, one additional piece is added and preferably two lift catches are supplied, as will be described later.

The manner in which the sashes are formed is best illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 showing a typical corner construction. In these figures, the side rail comprises a fiat plate I0 formed of a single thickness of metal, but adjacent the window opening this metal is bent back on itself as indicated at I2 and then outwardly as indicated at I4 to form a glass rabbet, and at the same time portion I4 serves to stiien the sash. The transverse member (which in the example illustrated happens to be the,portion of the meeting rail of the upper sash) has a plate member I6 which in this instance is bent around to form a hook I8 to cooperate with a corresponding hookon the meeting rail of the lower sash. Adjacent theA window opening the plate is bent back on itself as indicated at and outwardly as indicated at 22 to form a glass rabbet at the bottom of the sash. In order that these members may interlock, the metal of the transverse member that is bent back on itself is cut away beginning at a short distance (say about an inch) from the end of the member as indicated at 24.v Also the outward extending portion 22 is cut away along a line parallel with the plate I6 to `form a space wide enough to permit the folded over edgek of the side rail to go between member 22 and plate I6 as indicated at 25. Member '22 is cut oil? at a point such that when the side rail is pushed under member 22 until it contacts with the bent-back portion 20, member 22 will just contact with member I4. With the parts in this position it will be seen in Fig. 3 rthat the side rail I0 is on top (outside) of plate I8. The members can now be easily and rigidly connected together by spot welding through the overlapping portions of plates I6 and I0 as indicatedat 21 in Fig. 3. This type of corner interlock is used at all four corners of each of the sashes and is very economical to manufacture.

Referring now to Fig. 5, it will be seen that the upper sash, in addition to the two side rails I0 and the meeting rail I6, has a top rail 26 adapted to .extend up into the head. At the upper corners the outwardly projecting portions I4 of the side rails are cut away as indicated at 28 so that the side rails may also extend up into the head.

The bottom sash, in addition to the two side rails corresponding to the side rails I0, has a meeting rail 30 forme'd with a hooked portion 82 adapted to cooperate with the hook I8 of the upper sash. The bottom rail of the lower sash comprises a transverse member 34 which is adapted to contact with the sill and also carries on its inner face (attached by screws or rivets) a lift rail member 36.

The sill of the window frame here illustrated comprises the main sill member 38 with which member 34 approximately contacts and which has formed integral with it the outwardly extending portion 40. Attached to the outwardly extending portion 40 is a plate 42 against which the lift rail 36 is intended to contact. Between the members 42 and 4I) is preferably attached a spring weather strip member 44 which may for example 50 be of. spring/bronze. If desired, a stool member 46 may be provided for the inside oi.' the window.

'I'he head of this window is a box-like construction being made up of the main member 48 having the hooked end 50 and the bottom plate 55 82 so spaced that the plate 28 o! the top rail will pass between this plate and the hooked end 80. If desired, a felt block 84 may be provided against which the plate 28 will strike. This felt block is here shown as held in place by the metal clip 58 attached to the main head member 48.

Each of the jambs is made up around a main jamb member 58 bent at the outdoors side to form a portion of the inner jamb wall as indicated at 60 (Fig. 4). The parting strip 82 is provided with legs 84 to hold the parting strip in proper relation to the main jamb member ll.

though the legs 64 are cut away for a distance adjacent the vtop of the window frame to provide space for the movable pulleys later described. The balance of the inner jamb wall is provided by member 68 having an inner leg 88 which contacter with the main jamb member Il. Spacers I8 are provided where' necessary in order that the edge of member 88 will not be bent back toward the main jamb member 88 by the tension of the screws 12. y

The window here illustrated is'of the counterbalanced type, that is, the two sashes are interconnected on each side by a common flexible member which passes over a pulley wheel so that the weight of one sash balances against the weight of the other sash. However, in'this case, the pulley wheels over which these suspension members pass are not rigidly mounted but each of them is attached to the end of a chain which passes over a pulley wheel having a fixed axis in the head of the frame, with the other end of each such chain attached to a strong coil spring. These coil springs are preferably of such strength that if both sashes are partly open, they will stay put and if the lower sash is held in closed position and the upper sash is pulled down, the springs will actually cause the upper sash to move upwardly toward closed position.

In the drawings; the flexible suspension members are designated by the numeral 'I4 and one end of each such suspension member is attached to the side of an upper sash plate back of the inner jamb wall at a point approximately mid- Way the vertical height of the sash. 'The' other end of each such suspension member is attached to the lower sash plate at a point which may for example be about one-third of the distance down from the top of the lower sash. Each exible member 14 passes over a pulley wheel indicated at 16 and the sheaf 18 of the pulley is fastened to the end of a chain 80. Each such chain 80 passes over a pulley 82 mounted in the head of the window frame. 'Ihe other end of each chain 80 is attached to a spring 84 fastened on the inside of member 66 toward the bottom of the window at a point appropriate to give the proper tension on'the spring 84.`

lorthev purpose of illustration, I may state that I have found a spring appropriate for use in a relatively light window of an average size to be a coil spring 25 inches long made of No. 34 music wire coiled into a spring having an outside diameter of 5&5'.

As previously stated, this spring should be so tensioned that when the lower sash is heldin closed position, the spring will hold the upper sash also in closed position. This means that even when the upper sash is closed, there will be a spring tension urging the lower sash toward open position. In order that the lower sash may not be opened by this tension, I preferably provide on the lift rail of the lower sash, two catch handles as illustrated in Fig. 7. Each of these handles has a fiat portion 88 which lies adjacent the lift rail 38 andv has an inwardly extending portion 88 for the operators fingers. The plate 86 is pivoted to the lift rail near one end as indicated at 90 and has a downwardly extending portion 82 formed with a hook 84. 'Ihe plate 42 has two openings 88 through which the downwardly extending portions 82 may pass, and these openings vare of such size and so positioned that whenthe handle members 88 drop down the hooks 94 will engage with the under face of the plates 42. However, when the operator lifts up the sash by pressure against the portions 88, these hooks will disengage and the lower sash will be free to move upwardly.

Under some circumstances it may be desirable to open the upper sash without raising the lower sash. Since the tension of the springs is sufficient to close, or approximately close, the uppersash under these circumstances, I preferably provide means for locking the upper sash in any desired position. 'I'he means here illustrated (Figs. 4 and 6) comprises a hook member 88, the main part of which passes back of the main :lamb member 58. In order to protect this from plaster during installation, it is preferably enclosed in a sleeve |00. The straight end of the hook 98 passes through the inside portion |02 of the main jamb member 58, and there carries a locking handle |08 which is threaded on to it by a relatively high-pitch thread. The other end of hook 88 carries a portion |84 which extends through main jamb member 88 so that it can engage against the outdoors side of sash plate i0 of the upper sash. An angle stop |06 is attached to main jamb member 58 so that the sash plate I0 can be squeezed between the hooked end |04 and the angle member |08. -By turning the handle |08 the sash plate I0 can either be locked in place or readily released, as desired.

While, if desired, one of these locking devices may be supplied on each side of the window, I ordinarily-flnd that one of them is suillcient.

With the construction illustrated. all provision for window weights is done away with and yet the window can be put in any desired position. If one desires to open the upper sash, the lower sash is left locked by the hooks 84 and the upper sash is pulled down and secured in place by turning the handle |08. If the lower sash alone is to be raised, it will be held up by the tension of the springs 84. Of course, `if both sashes are to be opened, they will counterbalance each other, as in the ordinary counterbalanced window.

In order to prevent the inltration of air, I ilnd it advisable to supply the upper sash with two felt blocks ||0 (one on each side) which function to prevent cold -air which enters the slot below the upper sash (when closed) from passing up on the room side of the upper sash, as this cold air would then be free to pass through the space where the legs 64 of the parting strip are cut off (to supply space for the movement of pulley wheels 16) and into the room through the slots above the lower sash. Such a block is more fully described in my earlier Patent No. 1,666,043, dated April 10, 1928.

Also I nd it desirable to insert a felt block ||2 in the hooked member I8.

It is understood that the details shown are given only by Way of illustration, and that the same may be modified in many particulars without departing froml the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A window sash comprising four integral members each having a ilat plate-like portion, a portion bent back parallel with such fiat portion and an outwardly extending portion; bent at right angles thereto to form a T-bend with the two free edges of each member substantially at right angles, and thereby provide a. stiifened sash formed of solid metal and having `only a single outwardly extending ange and a glass rabbet,

two of said members being cut so that they will interlock at the corners with the other two members in such a way that the ilat plate-like portions of two of the members overlie the fiat plate-like portions of the other two members and the outwardly extending portions substantially meet.

2. A structure as specified in claim. 1, in which the said four members are unitedby spot welding at the overlapping portions.

3. A structure as specied in claim 1, in which three of the said members are so shaped that their ilat plate-like portions will vcooperate with a window frame, and the fourth such member `carries an integral hook shaped portion adapted to cooperate with another sash.

4. A structure as speciiled in. claim-1, in which the interlock at each corner issuoh that the bent-back portion oi one such member passes between the fiat plate and outwardly extending portion of another o! such members,

5. A window sash consisting essentially of four integral members connectedtogether at the corners by spot welding and in which each of such members comprises a ilat portion adjacent one edge thereof, a portion bent back on itself against such fiat portion, and an outwardly extending edge portion forming a continuation of such bent-back portion perpendicular to the flat portion and located along a line substantially removed from the edges of such flat portion, so that a T-bend formed with the.two free edges i' each member substantially at right angles to each other so that one edge portion forms a flat sash member of solid metal having only a single outwardly extending flange and the other edge portion serves both to stien the sash and to form a glass rabbet. l

t HARRY E, CAMPBELL. 

